Understanding the Differences Between STNA and CNA: Key Insights for Aspiring Healthcare Assistants

Navigating the landscape of healthcare support roles can be complex, especially with the variety of titles and certifications across states. For those interested in providing essential patient care, understanding the distinctions between a State Tested Nursing Assistant (STNA) and a Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA) is crucial. While their responsibilities often overlap, the terminology, training requirements, and regulatory environments can differ significantly depending on location. This article delves into the fundamental differences, salary expectations, certification processes, and training pathways for these vital healthcare roles, providing clarity for prospective nursing assistants.

What Sets an STNA Apart from a CNA?

At the core, both STNAs and CNAs serve as frontline caregivers, assisting patients with daily activities and supporting healthcare teams. The primary distinction lies in terminology and regional regulations. The title of STNA is specific to Ohio, where individuals must complete state-mandated training and testing to practice. In contrast, CNA is a nationally recognized certification used across various states, each with its own training standards and regulations.

Regardless of the title, common duties include helping with bathing, dressing, toileting, and mobility; monitoring vital signs; assisting with feeding; providing emotional support; ensuring safety and hygiene; aiding with mobility aids like wheelchairs and walkers; and documenting patient care activities. These tasks are vital in maintaining patient comfort and safety across healthcare settings, from hospitals to long-term care facilities.

The scope of practice for both roles is similar—both operate under the supervision of licensed nurses or healthcare professionals. Yet, the specific regulations governing their responsibilities are dictated by state laws. For instance, Ohio’s guidelines specify training hours and competencies that STNAs must demonstrate, which may slightly differ from other states’ standards. To fully understand your local requirements, consulting official resources such as the Ohio Department of Health or your state’s health department is recommended.

Certification and Recognition

CNA certification is standardized nationwide, requiring completion of accredited training programs and passing a competency exam. This certification allows for employment across many states, provided the individual meets the state-specific licensing criteria. For those practicing in Ohio, the designation of STNA is used, but the roles are largely equivalent, with Ohio’s regulations shaping the scope of practice. To learn more about the importance of collaborative efforts in healthcare, including teamwork among support staff, visit the critical role of teamwork in elevating healthcare quality.

Salary Expectations for CNAs and STNAs

CNA Compensation

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median annual salary for certified nursing assistants nationwide is approximately $39,430, equating to about $18.96 per hour. However, earnings can vary based on location, experience, and work setting, with the lowest 10% earning around $31,390 annually and the highest earning over $50,140. Factors such as regional demand and facility type influence these figures.

STNA Earnings

In Ohio, the average salary for STNAs reported by ZipRecruiter is approximately $34,281 per year as of May 2025. Hourly wages range from about $19,489 to $48,485, reflecting variations based on experience, location, and employer. Elsewhere in the U.S., CNAs earn an average of around $41,734 annually, or $20 per hour, with some earning as much as $61,000 depending on the region and specialization.

Understanding salary ranges helps prospective healthcare assistants plan their career paths and consider opportunities for advancement. Additionally, evaluating the healthcare system’s structure in your area can influence employment options; for instance, exploring the structure and quality of Colombia’s healthcare system offers insights into how different nations organize and regulate patient care and workforce training.

Path to Becoming an STNA in Ohio

Achieving status as an STNA involves completing a state-approved training program and passing a competency exam. The process is designed to ensure that individuals are equipped with the necessary skills to provide safe, effective care in long-term settings.

Step 1: Meet Eligibility Criteria

Candidates must typically be at least 16 years old and possess a high school diploma or equivalent, though some programs may have more flexible requirements. Basic background checks and health screenings may also be required.

Step 2: Enroll in an Approved Training Program

Prospective students should choose a program approved by the Ohio Department of Health. These programs are offered by vocational schools, community colleges, nursing homes, and healthcare organizations. Training involves a minimum of 75 hours, including both classroom instruction and hands-on clinical practice.

Step 3: Complete Training Hours

The required 75 hours are divided into at least 59 hours of classroom and skills training, along with a minimum of 16 hours of supervised clinical work within a long-term care facility, such as a nursing home. This practical experience is essential for developing competence in real-world patient care.

Step 4: Pass the Certification Exam

After completing training, candidates must pass a state-administered exam that includes a written or oral test and a skills demonstration. The skills test assesses practical abilities, such as assisting with personal hygiene or mobility tasks. To participate, students must present proper identification and complete necessary paperwork, including proof of identity and social security information.

Once successful, individuals are added to the Ohio Nurse Aide Registry, officially recognizing their qualification to work as an STNA. For more information about program locations and requirements, contact NATCEP or visit Ohio’s official health department resources.

Certified Training Programs and Certification Process

Ohio maintains a comprehensive registry of approved training programs, with over 450 options available across the state. To find local classes, contact the Ohio Department of Health’s Nurse Aide Training and Competency Evaluation Program (NARCEP). For those holding CNA certifications from other states, reciprocity agreements facilitate transferability—applicants must submit a formal request along with valid identification and verification of previous certification.

If you’re planning to relocate or expand your credentials, check with the nurse aide registry of your new state to understand transfer requirements. This process often involves submitting documentation and may require additional training or testing, depending on regional regulations.

Frequently Asked Questions

How Long Does STNA Training Take?

Typically, Ohio’s STNA training lasts between two to six months, depending on the program’s schedule and format. The minimum required hours are 75, combining classroom and clinical training, designed to prepare students for the competency exam and practical duties.

Is Online STNA Training Possible?

Some programs offer hybrid models where classroom components are completed online, providing flexibility for students. However, clinical hours—essential for hands-on skill development—must be completed in person at approved healthcare facilities. This blend ensures comprehensive training that meets state standards.

Providing compassionate, competent care requires proper training and certification. Whether you are considering becoming an STNA or exploring other roles in healthcare, understanding these pathways and requirements is essential. For broader insights into healthcare system organization, reviewing the structure and quality of Colombia’s healthcare system can be enlightening, especially when considering international standards and practices.